Candidiasis
See also treatment of Fungal Infections Candidiasis: Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeast from the genus Candida. Candidiasis can be mucocutaneous or invasive; the most common invasive form…
Antibiotics
Videos: Ribosomes & Macrolide Resistance Use of generative AI to generate new drugs (MIT) AI use in developing new drugs (tic tok) Antibiotics which Target the Cell Wall: Beta-lactam antibiotics are…
MRSA & other dangerous bacteria
See also Antibiotics and bioterrorism agents Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat in the clinic with a variety of infectious bacteria possessing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Of particular concern…
intestinal microbiota
See also Probiotics Introduction: The intestinal microbiota is confined most to the colon where some 1.5 kg of microbes or 1014 microorganisms reside. There are more genes in the human…
Bacterial toxins
Introduction: Secretion of toxins is s a primary way bacteria cause disease. There are 2 types of toxins; endotoxins and exotoxins. Endotoxins: are found only in gram-negative bacteria. ndotoxins are…
Disease mechanisms
See also Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms Videos: Anthrax Anthrax2 (types) Anthrax (endospores) E. coli (virulent strain) C. Difficile (sniffing dogs) Endotoxins (description) Inside the Phagosome (e.g., TB) Tetanus (spores) Tetanus (Brigham;…
Bacterial metabolism
See also metabolism Videos: nitrogen fixation Introduction: Distinct metabolic strategies allow microbes to extract energy from diverse surroundings and colonize nearly every part of the earth. Microbial energy metabolisms vary…
Syphillis
Treponema pallidum, formerly known as Spirochaeta pallida, is a microaerophillic spirochaete bacterium with subspecies that cause the diseases syphillis, bejel (also known as endemic syphillis) and yaws, which are morphologically and…
host response to Legionella
Innate Responses to Lp Upon entering macrophages, Lg replicate. But Macrophages mount response which induce pro-inflammatory cytokines (Il-12, IL-1 B, TNF, IL-1B, chemokines). Il-12 is important important because activates NK…
Legionella CFUs
Colony forming unit (CFU): refers to individual colonies of bacteria, yeast or mold. A colony of bacteria or yeast refers to a mass of individual cells of the same organism, growing…