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Mass spectrometry (MS) has gained importance in the anlytics of biopharmaceuticals, taking different complementary approaches ranging from peptide-based sequencing to direct analysis fo intact proteins and protein assmeblies. (Rosati, Nature…

Websites:  ClinicalTrials.gov  (lists many active CART trials). See also Enzymes and CRISP Introduction to CARs/CARTs and TCRs Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are engineered receptor proteins, while chimeric antigen receptor T…

See also medically important gram + bacteria organisms and Medically Important Gram Negative Bacteria Differences between Gram Negative and Gram Positive Bacteria Gram-negative bacteria organisms have thinner cell walls which differ in…

Classes of Leukocytes White blood cells or "leukocytes" combat infection and in some cases phagocytose and digest debris. White blood cells are traditionally grouped into three major categories based on…

Videos: (child dies in NC)  Malaria (description) Crypto (description) Taxoplasmosis (description) Introduction/classification: Protozoa are a subset of protists which are eukaryotes that are not classified as animals, plants, or fungi. Protozoa…

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are Ser/Thr kinases which act as intermediates within the signaling cascades of both growth/survival factors, such as EGF, and death receptors, such as the TNF receptor.  via…

Peroxisomes get their name from the hydrogen peroxide produced as a by-product of the activites of oxidative nezymes. Hydrogen peroxide is dangerous to cells becasue of its violent chemical reactivity.…

A superantigen is an antigen bound by antibodies found in the preimmune repertoire without the requirement of adaptive maturation of antibody variable domains. A bacterial toxin that is capable of…

See also Neurodegenerative Diseases  Companies: Fountain Life Omegal Therapeutics: takes advantage of the organization of genes and regualtory elements into conserved 3D chromatin lopps. There are about 15k of these loops…

ProPred (graphical web tool for predicting MHC class II binding regions in antigenic protein sequences). Introduction: The MHC (also called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system) comprises tightly linked genes…