Chimeric antigen receptors (CARS)
Websites: ClinicalTrials.gov (lists many active CART trials). See also Enzymes and CRISP Introduction to CARs/CARTs and TCRs A very promising immunotherapy is the use of a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)…
Gram +/- comparison
See also medically important gram + bacteria organisms and Medically Important Gram Negative Bacteria Differences between Gram Negative and Gram Positive Bacteria Gram-negative bacteria organisms have thinner cell walls which differ in…
white blood cells/leukocytes
Classes of Leukocytes White blood cells or "leukocytes" combat infection and in some cases phagocytose and digest debris. White blood cells are traditionally grouped into three major categories based on…
Protozoa
Protozoa are a subset of protists which are eukaryotes that are not classified as animals, plants, or fungi. Protozoa constitute a large genus (some 12,000 species) that although single-celled, have…
MAP kinases
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are Ser/Thr kinases which act as intermediates within the signaling cascades of both growth/survival factors, such as EGF, and death receptors, such as the TNF receptor. via…
Peroxisomes
Peroxisomes get their name from the hydrogen peroxide produced as a by-product of the activites of oxidative nezymes. Hydrogen peroxide is dangerous to cells becasue of its violent chemical reactivity.…
Superantigens
A superantigen is an antigen bound by antibodies found in the preimmune repertoire without the requirement of adaptive maturation of antibody variable domains. A bacterial toxin that is capable of…
Aging
Companies: Fountain Life Omegal Therapeutics: takes advantage of the organization of genes and regualtory elements into conserved 3D chromatin lopps. There are about 15k of these loops which they call "insualted…
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
ProPred (graphical web tool for predicting MHC class II binding regions in antigenic protein sequences). Introduction: The MHC comprises tightly linked genes that encode proteins associated with intercellular recognition and…
polyclonal antibody production
To constrain costs, strategies have been developed to produce recombinant polyclonal antibodies in a single pot. This process by passes the manufacturing hurdles assocaited with individual antibody production but introduces…