Energy
Training Courses/Programs:
Electrical: Powell Training academy
Bio Fuels
Energy Biosciences Institute Purdue Amyris Ceres Arborgene Synthetic Genomics Choren Industries Florida Biomass Energy PetroAlgae Buckeye Florida (wood cellulose manufacturing plant) Range FuelsCoskata Iogen mascoma Virent Energy Systems Verenium
The US is actually now the world’s largest producer of ethanol, producing 5 billion gallons annually. This still represents less than 4% of teh 140 billion gallons of gasoline used every year. Virtually all of the thanol comes from corn. However, other types of biomass are now being examined to produced ethanol including the covernsion of plant waster into cellulosic ethanol. This conversion process involves obtaining microorganisms which can convert complex sugars to ethanol.
Natural Gas
Natural gas has the lowest carbon footprint of any fossil fuel – it is made up mostly of methane CH4 with some ethan C2H2, propane C3H8 and butane C4H4. Breaking the C-H and C-C bonds of hydrocarbonsby oxidation (combustion) releases heat energy.
Modern seismic exploration technology allows developers to precisely target the ihgest quality portions of reservoir formations.
Solar Power
Silicon Solar (outside lighting;pstate NY company) FPL Group NY Solar Smart Sunshares (information and employee discounts for solar power). Solar United Neighbors (non-profit that helps educate on choosing solar power for your needs; high recommended).
SunPower (leading solar power corporation) Topray Solar (good selection solar equipment). Tesla (solar panels). Enphase Trina Solar. QCells
Solar Generators: Eneractiva Mobile Solar Mobismart PowerGenX Go Sun
Solar Tables: GoSun
State Specific: May Electric (eliected by city of Tampa to install solar panels) EPA tracker (enewable energy projects)
Generators:
Clean Air Buildings
Grid Point (company involved in assisting companies with managing their building sites)
Bioreactors (aparatuses which clean the air)
Cabins off the Grid
Heating systems:
CO2 Capture
CO2 capture from flue gas:
One way to capture CO2 is subjecting the flue gas exiting a coal or natural gase fired power plant, consisting primarily of CO2 and water vapor, to a CO2 capture process. This is most frequenly performed using aqueous solutions of chemical compounds with amine functionalities, such as monoethanolamine, in a CO2 capture unit, also known as a CO2 scrubber. During this process, post combustion flue gas is sent through an adsorption column that contains the lean (low CO2 content) amine solution. The lean amine undergoes a reversible chemical reaction with CO2, resulting in the formation of rich amines, which are ocmposed primarily of carbamate or bicarbonate3. Rich amines are then transferred to a desorber system that converts them back to lean amines via competitive water adsorption using steam. This process releases CO2 which can be collected for later conversion steps.
Companies working with this technology include the following.
Cansolv Technogogies (see US 7,056,482)
Other companies such as ExxonMobil affinity (see US 2018/0250652) are working with the devleopment of new classes of materials to act as CO2 adsorbers. These materials are composed of aluminum oxide support with silicon-modificaiton as an alkali metal salt. The system improves efficiency of CO2 capture by reducing the amount of steam needed during the desorption step.
Another new material for CO2 adsorption are metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These materials are solid phase and are microporous, giving them huge sorbent material.
CO2 capture from Air:
CO2 capture from air is difficult because while flue gas contains up to 10% CO2, the atmosphere contains only 0.04%.
Carbon Cure (technology where CO2 can be captured from air to produce concrete)