Bispecific Antibodies (See bispecific antibody production under cell expression)
The generation of bispecific IgG molecuels is difficult due to the fact that the antigne-bnding sites are built by the variable domains of the light and heavy chain (VL, VH). A bispecific antibody requries to different heavy chains, and two different light chains, and exhibits asymmetry due to the presence of, at least, two different Fv regions. Promiscous pairing of ehavy and light chains of two antibodies expressed in one cell can theorectically result in 16 different combinations (10 different molecuels), with only one being bispecific and the remakning pairing resulting in non-functional or monospecific molecules. (Brikmann “the making of bispecific antibodies, 9:2, 182-212 (2016).