Hepatitis C
Companies: Gilead Sciences Merck Introduction: HCV is sometimes referred to as the "silent epidemic" because more than 2.4 million Americans are infected with the virus, but it takes many years to…
Hepatitis
Hepatitis A virus (HAV): HAV belongs to the picornavirus group. HAV has diminished in importance over the past several decades in developed countires, but infection remains endemic in many regions of Central…
Dengue
Introduction Dengue virus (DENV) is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus classified within the genus Orthoflavivirus of the Flaviviridae family. It exists as four antigenically distinct serotypes (Dengue 1-4). The…
Papillomaviruses
Papillomaviruses may be classified into distinct groups based on the host that they infect. Structure: Papillomaviruses are small (50-60 nm), nonenveloped, icosahedral DNA viruses that encode for up to 80…
Poxviruses
Introduction: Poxviruses comprise a family of genetically related, large, enveloped, DNA viruses that replicate exclusively within the cytoplasm of vertebrate or invertebrate cells. DNA viruses typically replicate and express their…
KSHV
KSHV is of the and is a lymphotropic herpesvirus. KSHV (also known as human herpesvirus 8 or HHV-8) is associated with the malignancies Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and plasmablastic variant…
HSV-1 & HSV-2
Introduction: Herpes Simplex Virus 1 & 2 (HSV-1) are closely related (~50% nucleic acid identity and over 70% amino acid identity) of the alpha subgroup. HSV-1 and HSV-2 initially infect and replicate in mucoepithelial cells…
Epstein Bar Virus
Introduction: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), is a member of the gammaherpesvirus family. EBV belongs to the gamma 1 or lymphocryptovirus genus and was identified…
Herpesviruses
Introduction: Herpes simplex is a viral disease caused by the herpes simplex virus. According to the World Health Organization, viruses of the Herpesviridae family infect 90% of the Earth’s population.…
Adenoviruses
Introduction Adenoviruses are naked viruses. Because they have no membrane, they are very stable. Adenoviruses were first identified in 1953 as agents derived from human adenoid tissues which could induce the…