Knock-out mice
Introduction: A "knockout" animal has had a gene inactivated so that the funciton of the gene is lost. It is possible to inactivate genes in a number of different experimental…
Mice
References: "Anatomy of Mouse" Mice are the mainstay of in vivo immunological experimentation and in many respects they mirror human biology remarkably well. This conservation of function is reflected on the…
Animal models
Research in biotechnology and immunology requires the use of various animal models. The fact that something can be done in the test tube (in vitro) with a cell line above,…
Biotechnology
Biotechnology (sometimes shortened to "biotech") is a field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Biotechnology…
Bonds
Definitions: Oxidation refers to where electrons are transferred from one atom to another. The molecule that gives up electrons is said to be Oxidized and is also called a reductant because it is reducing another…
Siglets
See also Glycan Binding Proteins Introduction: Sialic acid (Sia)-binding Ig-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of glycan-binding proteins (GBPs). They are an immunoglobulin super family lectins with a defining feature of recognizing sialic acid containing…
Glycoforms
Raju "Glycosylation Variations with Expression Systems and their impact on biological activity of therapeutic immunoglobulins" BioProcess International, April 2003 Fig. 4 above shows the largest N-linked oligosaccharide structure found in…
ABO System
See also determining ABO Blood type See also galactosidases See removing A/B antigens from blood cells Blood group antigens are either sugars or proteins, and they are attached to various components in the…
Lectins
Lectins are glycoproteins that can bind carbohydrates. These carbohydrate binding proteins serve a number of vital roles which are disucussed below. Classification There are a number of structurally distinct plant and animal…
Antibody glycosylation
As to purification of glycosylated antibodies see "antibody purification" and "glycan antibody" under "particular types" See also Function of Glycosylation: (see outline) from WO 2007/024743 A2 from US 14/352,411 Antibodies are glycoproteins…