Adjuvants
Introduction: Adjuvants are substances which when mixed with an antigen enhance the immunogenicity of that antigen are often used to boost the immune response. Some adjuvants prolong the persistence of antigen in…
Composition & Size
Proteins function as the most potent immunogens, with polysaccharides ranking second. In contrast, lipids and nucleic acids generally do not serve as immunogens unless they are complexed to proteins or…
Comformation
The 3 dimensional structure of a compound can influence immunogenicity. Peptides used in a particular vaccine immunogen are often chosen such that they generate an antibody response to the location…
Ways to increase immunogenicity
Adjuvants (see outline) ProPred (graphical web tool for predicting MHC class I binding regions in antigenic protein sequences). Deisgn for binding to MHC Molecules: It is well established that binding…
Immunogenicity
Factors which Determine Immunogenicity Immunogenicity is the ability to induce a humoral and/or cell mediated immune response. Although a substance that induces a specific immune response is usually called an "antigen" the more…
Nucleic acid vaccination
Companies: Osivax Nucleic acid based immunization exhibits a number of advantages. For example, the manufacture of nucleic acid based vaccines is straight forward, relatively inexpensive. DNA Vaccines Potential advantages: DNA based…
Active Immunization
See "ways to increase immunogenicity" on outline See WHO See History of Vaccines Active immunization refers to stimulation of an immune response by challenge with an immunogen. Active immunization occurs…
Vaccines & Immunization
helpful websites: NIH Vaccines Immunisation Immunisation Guidelines for Ireland 2008 Edition, Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (good summary of all of the vaccine schedules) GAVI: the vaccine alliance International Society of Travel…
Viral sensing proteins
Cellular RNA is usually unable to activate the immune response, with several modifications protecting self-RNA from being recognized by pattern recognition receptors in the cytoplasm, under the normal conditions described.…
COVID-19
Websites of interest: Coronavirusgov. Travel Restrictions. Covid treatments CDC case tracker CDC covid-19 county check (check levels of Covid-19 in your county) Find Covid-19 Medications and clinics (rapid treatment of COVID-19 is…