Serine proteases
Serine proteases are a large family of proteoytic enzymes that include digestive enzymes, trypsin and chymotrpsin, components of the complement cascade and of the blood clotting cascade, and enzymes that…
Proteases
Mechanisms Proteases (also termed "proteolytic enzymes" "peptidases" or "proteinase") attack their substrates using 2 approaches. Exopeptidases remove single residues or dipeptides sequentially from either the N-terminus or C-terminus depending on…
CRISP/Cas9
Introduction to CRISPR/Cas9 Companies: Intellia Aldevron (Danaher) Non-profits: Innovative Genomic Institute Innovative Genomics Insttitute Education Section Biopku CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR assocaited) systems are prokaryotic adaptive immune systems…
CRISP
Companies: Beam Therapeutics Caribou Biociences, CRISPR Therapeutics, Editas Medicine, Intellia Therapeutics, Poseida, Prime Medicine, Sangamo Therapeutics, Wave LifeSciences, Verve Therapeutics Introduction: CRISPR Cas systems are a main protective mechanism of…
Endonucleases
CRISPR (see outline) Restriction Enzymes Restriction enzymes are endonucleases from eubacteria and archaea that recognize a specific DNA sequence, called the restriction site. Usually a restriction site is a palindromic…
Amylases
Alpha-Amylases: constitute a class of enzymes syntheized by a variety of organisms from bacterial to fungi to humans that break down large molecules known as polysaccharides. Polysaccharides, such as starch and…
Functions of glycosylation
The glycosylation pattern of immunoglobulins (i.e, the saccharide composition and multitude of attached glycostructures) has a strong influence on the biological properties. Glycosylation of IgG has been shown to be…
Characterization & Detection
See also Methods used to separate antibody glycovariants See also Mass Spectrometry (MALDI TOF MS) Detection and Characterization of product associated variants during the product of polypeptides (e.g., antibodies) is important because profiling…
Structures & Types
Definitions Glycan: refers to the carbohydrate portion of a glycoconjugate, such as a glycopeptide, glycoprotein, glycolipid or proteoglycan. Regnier (US8,568,993) N-glycans Peptides expressed in eukaryotic cells are typically N-glycosylated on asparagine…
Isomers
Definitions: Isomer: of a compound is a separate compound in which each molecule contains the same constituent atoms as the first compound, but with those atoms arranged differently. Thus isomers are…