monocytes
Cells of the monocytic lineage play an essential role in initiating and maintaining immune responses by acting as antigen-presenting cells. They process and present antigenic peptides via and express costimulatory molecules…
white blood cells/leukocytes
Classes of Leukocytes White blood cells or "leukocytes" combat infection and in some cases phagocytose and digest debris. White blood cells are traditionally grouped into three major categories based on…
Immune cells
Monocytes Monocytes, unlike granulocytes, are long lived and can differentiate to become tissue resident macrophages and dendritic cells. Cells of the monocytic lineage play an essential role in initiating and…
B cell receptor (BCR) signalling
See also T cell activaiton in immune cells Antigen recognition by B cells is mediated by the B cell receptor (BCR), a surface-bound immunoglobulin in complex with signaling componets CD79alpha…
Antigen fusions
Particular Type of Antigen-Fusion Polypeptides Thermally Responsive Polymers Fused to Antigens --Antigen-Carrier-Elastin-Like Peptide Fusion Peptides: Krebs (US13/990344) discloses fusion proteins of an immunogenic carrier protein containg a thermally-responsive aggregation (TRA) polypeptide…
Dose & route
See also antibody production Immunogen dosage and route of administration also affect immune response. A dose may be too small or too large to induce an immune response. An insufficient dose…
Adjuvants
Adjuvants are substances which when mixed with an antigen enhance the immunogenicity of that antigen are often used to boost the immune response. Some adjuvants prolong the persistence of antigen in the…
Composition & Size
Proteins function as the most potent immunogens, with polysaccharides ranking second. In contrast, lipids and nucleic acids generally do not serve as immunogens unless they are complexed to proteins or…
Comformation
The 3 dimensional structure of a compound can influence immunogenicity. Peptides used in a particular vaccine immunogen are often chosen such that they generate an antibody response to the location…
Ways to increase immunogenicity
Adjuvants (see outline) ProPred (graphical web tool for predicting MHC class I binding regions in antigenic protein sequences). Deisgn for binding to MHC Molecules: It is well established that binding…