bi-specific antibodies

As to production of bi-specific antibodies see outline.  Specific Types of BsAbs see outline Introduction: Most natural antibodies are bi or multivalent molecules comprising identical antigen binding sites. The exception are…

antibody fragments

Antibody fragments comprise a portion of a full-lenght antibody, as for example, the antigen binding or variable region of a full length antibody.  Antibody fragments that contain the idiotype (antigen-binding fragment)of the…

catalytic antibodies

see also Proteoytic antibodies and IVIG preparations under "protein purification" The terms "abzyme" or "catalytic immunoglobulin" are used to describe antibodies possessing enzymatic activity. Examples of catalytic reactions that may be catalyzed by the…

isotypes

See also "Fc receptors" under "signal transduction"  See also antibody glycosylation under glycosylation.  See also IgA   Introduction: The term "isotype" refers to the classificaiton of an antibody's heavy or light chain constant region. For example,…

constant region

See also "effector functions" of antibodies and also Fc receptors under "signal transduction" Introduction: Functions of Constant Domain The constant domains are not involved directly in binding an antibody to an antigen, but…

DNA rearrangement

See also B cell Development The ability of the immune system to recognize antigens depends on antibodies generated by B cells and on antigen receptors expressed by T cells. These…

Binding affinity

HyPare (automatically claculates the impact of mutations on a per-resiude basis for all resiudes of a protein-protein interaction.  An affinity pair is a pair of two molecules that mutually bind with…

Antibody diversity

IMGT genome database (classifies the immunoglobulin (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) genes from vertebrate species The amino terminal regions of H and L chains are characterized by extensive variability in…

Antibodies in Nature

Immunogetics Information Sytstem Isotypes Expressed Immunoglobulins are expressed in 2 forms: secreted antibody that is produced by plasma cells, and membrane bound antibody that associates with Ig-?/Ig-? heterodimers to form…

Production Techniques

Bispecific Antibodies (See bispecific antibody production under cell expression) The generation of bispecific IgG molecuels is difficult due to the fact that the antigne-bnding sites are built by the variable…